Provision of Voltage Ancillary Services Through Enhanced TSO-DSO Interaction and Aggregated Distributed Energy Resources

The electrical energy generated from renewable resources connected to transmission and distribution systems the displacement of synchronous generators continues grow. This presages a paradigm-shift away traditional provision ancillary services, essential ensure robust system, transmission-connected towards non-synchronous generation (including distribution-connected resources). Given that available at disposal system operators are continuously increasing, flexibility for operating network can be enlarged. In this context, paper introduces dedicated voltage services strategy reactive power. A main feature proposed is it technology-neutral, unlike existing ones focused on generators. need stability placed core strategy, which translated into requirement power provision. achieves, through combined utilization distributed resources, defer investments in compensating equipment. Dynamic transient studies conducted demonstrate technical benefits while its practical feasibility also validated hardware-in-the-loop testing.